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弱相互作用导致了原子核的β衰变,导致了夸克不稳定构型的崩溃。1933年恩里科·费米首次注意到,特定构型的原子核会衰变为更稳定的构型;通过以带电轻子或反轻子形式释放能量,以及它的反中微子或中微子。这是由W玻色子的转移所介导的,W玻色子可以是正的也可以是负的以保持电荷。当一个原子核由于中子太多而不稳定时,就会发生负的β衰变,所以中子中的下夸克会发射负的W玻色子,把下夸克转换成上夸克,把中子转换成质子。W玻色子会迅速衰变为电子和反电子中微子。正β衰变会发生在原子核因质子过多而不稳定时,因此质子中的上夸克会发射正W玻色子,将上夸克转换为下夸克,并质子变成了…更正电子的野鹰
The weak interaction is responsible for beta decay of nuclei, for the breakdown of unstable configurations of quarks. It was first noticed in 1933 by Enrico Fermi that nuclei of a specific configuration would decay into a more stable configuration; by release of energy in the form of a charged lepton or antilepton, and its antineutrino or neutrino respectively. This was mediated by the transfer of a W boson, which would be either positive or negative to conserve charge. Negative beta decay would occur when a nucleus was unstable due to having too many neutrons, so a down quark within a neutron would emit a negative W boson, converting the down quark to an up quark and the neutron to a proton. The W boson will promptly decay to an electron and an anti-electron-neutrino. Positive beta decay would occur when a nucleus was unstable due to having too many protons, so an up quark within a proton would emit a positive W boson, converting the up quark to a down quark and the proton to a ... more - PositronWildhawk
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